qos - Quality of Service specification

The text2qos and qos2text functions use the format described in this man page. Because all standard ATM tools on Linux use those functions to convert to or from the textual representation of QOS specifications, they expect them in the same format too.

The most fundamental parameters are the traffic class and the AAL (ATM Adaption Layer) type. If the connection is bi-directional, both directions have the same traffic class and the same AAL type. The traffic class and the AAL type are the first elements (in any order) in a QOS specification. The traffic class is the only required element. If the AAL type is omitted, the application will provide a default value. The following traffic classes are recognized:

ubr

Unassigned Bit Rate

cbr

Constant Bit Rate

abr

Available Bit Rate

The following AAL types are recognized:

aal0

("raw ATM")

aal5

If both, the traffic class and the AAL type are specified, they are separated by a comma.

If more parameters are supplied, the traffic class and AAL type must be followed by a colon. Traffic parameters can be specified independently for the transmit and the receive direction. Their parameter lists are prefixed with tx: and rx:, respectively. If both parameter lists are present, the tx: list must precede the rx: list. If a parameter is equal for both directions, it can be placed in a common parameter list (without prefix). The general format is as follows:

class_and_aal:common_list,tx:list,rx:list

Each list consists of elements specifying a parameter. Elements can appear in any order and they are separated with commas. The following elements are recognized:

pcr=rate

is a synonym for max_pcr=rate

max_pcr=rate

The upper limit for the peak cell rate to assign. If omitted, any rate up to link speed may be chosen.

min_pcr=rate

The lower limit for the peak cell rate to assign. If omitted, any rate above zero can be chosen.

sdu=size

is a synonym for max_sdu=size

max_sdu=size

The size of the largest packet that may be sent or received. If omitted, a context-dependent default value is used.

Values are specified as follows:

rate

The (decimal) rate, optionally followed by a unit. The unit may be prefixed with one of the multipliers k, M, or G, meaning 1'000, 1'000'000, or 1'000'000'000, respectively. The units cps (cells per second) and bps (bits per second) are recognized. If multiplier and unit are omitted, cells per second are assumed. Note that the rate is always converted to cells per second, so rounding errors may occur when specifying the rate in bits per second. Rates measured in bits per second are considered to be user data rates, i.e. one cell corresponds to 384 bits. The rate can be a fractional value, e.g. 1.3Mbps. It is an error to specify only a multiplier without a unit. Link speed can be indicated by using the keyword max as the rate.

size

The (decimal) number of bytes.

The tx: or rx: lists may also just contain the single element none, which indicates that the corresponding direction is not used. It is an error to specify none for both direction.

Note that commas must never follow colons or other commas. Also, whitespace is not allowed inside a QOS specification. QOS specifications are case-insensitive.

Each of the following lines contains a valid QOS specification:

  ubr
  ubr:pcr=100kbps
  cbr,aal0:pcr=64kbps
  CBR:max_pcr=11Mbps,min_pcr=10mbps,sdu=8192
  aal5,ubr:tx:none
  cbr:tx:pcr=30000,rx:none

  CBR,AAL5:PCR=48Mbps
  cbr,aal5:max_pcr=125000
  cbr,aal5:tx:pcr=125kcps,rx:pcr=125kcps

Werner Almesberger, EPFL LRC/ICA <werner.almesberger@epfl.ch>