cdrdao - writes audio CD-Rs in disc-at-once mode

cdrdao {show-toc|read-toc|read-cd|read-cddb|show-data|read-test|disk-info|msinfo|unlock|simulate|write|copy|blank} [--device device] [--source-device device] [--driver driver-id] [--source-driver driver-id] [--simulate] [--speed writing-speed] [--blank-mode mode] [--datafile file] [--read-raw] [--read-subchan [--no-mode2-mixed] mode] [--tao-source] [--tao-source-adjust link-blocks] [--fast-toc] [--buffers buffer-count] [--multi] [--overburn] [--eject] [--swap] [--session] [--force] [--reload] [--keepimage] [--on-the-fly] [--paranoia-mode mode] [--with-cddb] [--cddb-servers server-list] [--cddb-timeout timeout] [--cddb-directory directory] [--tmpdir directory] [--keep] [--save] [-n] [-v verbose-level] toc-file

cdrdao creates audio and data CD-Rs in disk-at-once (DAO) mode driven by a description file called toc-file. In DAO mode it is possible to create non standard track pre-gaps that have other lengths than 2 seconds and contain nonzero audio data. This is for example useful to divide live recordings into tracks where 2 second gaps would be kind of irritating.

Instead of a toc-file a cue file (used by a famous DOS/Windows mastering tool) may be used. See the CUE FILES section for more details.

The first argument must be one of the following commands:

show-toc

Print out a summary about what will be written to the CD-R.

read-toc

Analyze each track of the inserted CD and create a toc-file that can be used to make a more or less exact copy of the CD. This command does not read out the audio or data tracks, use read-cd for this purpose.

You can specify a filename for the data file via the --datafile option.

read-cd

Copies all tracks of the inserted CD to an image file and creates a corresponding toc-file. The name of the image file defaults to "data.bin" if no --datafile option is given.

read-cddb

Tries to retrieve title and artist data from a CDDB server for the CD represented by the given toc-file. The retrieved data is added as CD-TEXT data for language 0 to the toc-file. Existing CD-TEXT data for language 0 will be overwritten.

show-data

Print out all samples that would be written to the CD-R. Each line contains the sample number (starting at 0) and the decimal sample value for the left and right channel. Useful to check if the byte order of audio files is correct.

read-test

Check if all data can be read from the audio files that are defined in the toc-file. This will also check the communication with the slave process that is responsible for writing the audio data to the CD-recorder. Mainly used for testing.

disk-info

Shows information about the inserted CD-R. If the CD-R has an open session it will also print the start of the last and current session which is used by mkisofs to create an image for a second or higher session.

msinfo

Shows information required for creating multi session disks with mkisofs. The output is meant for processing by scripts.

unlock

Tries to unlock the recorder device after a failed write or simulation run. If you cannot eject the CD after a cdrdao run try this command.

blank

Blanks a CD-RW. The CD-RW is minimally blanked by default. Use option --blank-mode to select another blanking mode. Sometimes the blanking speed must be manually reduced for a successful blanking operation. Use option --speed to select another blanking speed.

simulate

Like write but laser stays cold. It is a shortcut for write--simulate.

write

Write the CD-R according to the specifications in the toc-file.

copy

Performs all steps to copy a CD. The device containing the source CD must be specified with option --source-device and the recorder device with option --device. If only a single device is available the option --source-device must be omitted and cdrdao will prompt to insert the CD-R after an image of the source CD was created.

The image file with name "cddata<pid>.bin" will be created in the current working directory if no --datafile option is given. The created image will be removed after it has been written.

If option --on-the-fly is given no image file is created and the data will be directly piped from the reading device to the CD recorder.

--device [prot:]bus,id,lun

Sets the SCSI address of the CD-recorder in form of a bus/id/lun triple, e.g. '0,2,0' for the logical unit 0 of SCSI device with ID 2 on bus 0. ATAPI devices can be specified by using the prefix 'ATAPI:', e.g. 'ATAPI:0,0,0'. On some systems a device node may be specified directly, e.g. '/dev/sg0' on Linux systems. Linux 2.6 users may also try the newer ATAPI interface with the 'ATA:' prefix.

--source-device [prot:]bus,id,lun

Like above but used for the copy command to specify the source device.

--driver driver-id:option-flags

Force usage of specified driver instead of the automatically determined driver. Available driver IDs:

cdd2600, plextor, plextor-scan, generic-mmc, generic-mmc-raw, ricoh-mp6200, yamaha-cdr10x, teac-cdr55, sony-cdu920, sony-cdu948, taiyo-yuden, toshiba.

Specifying an illegal driver ID will give a list of available drivers. Option flags may be used to modify the behavior of some drivers. See README for details.

--source-driver driver-id:option-flags

Like above but used for the device specified with option --source-device.

--speed value

Set the writing speed to value. Default is the highest possible speed.

--blank-mode mode

Sets the blanking mode. Available modes are full and minimal. Please consider that the data of minimally blanked disks may be easily recovered. Use the full blanking mode for completely erasing all data. The default blanking mode is minimal.

--datafile file

Used for read-toc,read-cd and copy. Set the default data file placed in the toc-file by read-toc.Use-toindicateSTDIN. For commands read-cd and copy it specifies the name of the created image file.

--read-raw

Only used for commands read-cd and read-toc. All data sectors will be written as 2352 byte blocks including the sector header and L-EC data to the image file. The track mode will be set to MODE1_RAW or MODE2_RAW in the created toc-file.

--read-subchan mode

Used by commands read-cd, read-toc and copy. Specifies the type of sub-channel data that is extracted from the source CD and written to the track image or copied to the destination CD. Mode may be rw for reading packed R-W sub-channel data (de-interleaved and error corrected) and rw_raw for reading raw R-W sub-channel data (not de-interleaved, not error corrected, L-EC data included in the track image). If this option is not specified no sub-channel data will be extracted.

--no-mode2-mixed

Only used for commands read-cd and read-toc. If we have MODE2_FORM1 or MODE2_FORM2, don't extract it as MODE2_FORM_MIX. toc-file.

--tao-source

This option indicates to the commands read-toc and read-cd that the source CD was written in TAO mode. It will be assumed that the pre-gap length between all tracks (except between two audio tracks) is the standard 150 blocks plus the number of link blocks (usually 2). The number of link blocks can be controlled with option --tao-source-adjust.

Use this option only if read-toc or read-cd give error messages in the transition areas between two tracks. If you use this option with pressed CDs or CDs written in DAO mode you will get wrong results.

--tao-source-adjust link-blocks

Specifies the number of link blocks for tracks written in TAO mode. This option has only an effect if option --tao-source is given.

--fast-toc

Only used for command read-toc. This option suppresses the pre-gap length and index mark extraction which speeds up the read-toc process. Standard 2 second pre-gaps (but no silence!) will be placed into the toc-file. The resulting CD will sound like the source CD. Only the CD player's display will behave slightly different in the transition area between two tracks.

This option might help, too, if read-toc fails with your drive otherwise.

--buffers buffer-count

Specifies the number of buffers that are allocated to avoid buffer under runs. The minimal buffer count is fixed to 10, default is 32 except on FreeBSD systems, on which default is 20. Each buffer holds 1 second of audio data so that dividing buffer-count by the writing speed gives the maximum time for which reading of audio data may be stalled.

--multi

If this option is given the session will not be closed after the audio data is successfully written. It is possible to append another session on such disks, e.g. to create a CD-EXTRA.

--overburn

By default cdrdao will not allow to write more data on a medium than specified by the current medium. This option allows to ignore this condition.

--eject

Eject the CD-R after writing or write simulation.

--swap

Swap the byte order of all samples that are send to the CD-recorder.

--session session-nr

Used for read-toc and read-cd to specify the session which should be processed on multi session CDs.

--reload

Indicates that the tray may be opened before writing without prompting the user to reset the disk status after a simulation run.

--force

Forces the execution of an operation that otherwise would not be performed.

--paranoia-mode mode

Sets the correction mode for digital audio extraction. 0: No checking, data is copied directly from the drive. 1: Perform overlapped reading to avoid jitter. 2: Like 1 but with additional checks of the read audio data. 3: Like 2 but with additional scratch detection and repair.

The extraction speed reduces from 0 to 3.

Default is the full paranoia mode (3).

--keepimage

If a CD is copied with command copy this option will cause that the created image is not removed after the copy process has finished.

--on-the-fly

Perform CD copy on the fly without creating an image file.

--with-cddb

Enables the automatic fetching of CDDB data for use as CD-TEXT data for commands copy, read-toc and read-cd.

--cddb-servers server-list

Sets space or ',' separated list of CDDB servers used for command read-cddb or for commands where the --with-cddb option is active. A server entry may have the following forms:

<server>

Connect to <server>, default cddbp port (888), use cddbp protocol.

<server>:<port>

Connect to <server>, port <port>, use cddbp protocol.

<server>:<cgi-bin-path>

Connect to <server>, default http port (80), use http protocol, url: <cgi-bin-path>.

<server>:<port>:<cgi-bin-path>

Connect to <server>, port <port>, use http protocol, url: <cgi-bin-path>.

<server>:<port>:<cgi-bin-path>:<proxy-server>

Connect to <proxy-server>, default http port (80), use http protocol, url: http://<server>:<port>/<cgi-bin-path>.

<server>:<port>:<cgi-bin-path>:<proxy-server>:<proxy-port>

Connect to <proxy-server>, port <proxy-port>, use http protocol, url: http://<server>:<port>/<cgi-bin-path>.

The <cgi-bin-path> is usually "/~cddb/cddb.cgi".

All servers of the server list will be tried in the given order until a successful connection can be established. For http proxy servers the first successful connected http proxy server will be used independent of the ability to connect to the target http server.

Example: freedb.freedb.org:/~cddb/cddb.cgi

--cddb-timeout timeout

Sets the timeout in seconds used for connections to CDDB servers.

--cddb-directory directory

Specifies the local CDDB database directory where fetched CDDB records will be stored. If this option is not given a fetched CDDB record will not be stored locally.

--tmpdir directory

Specifies the directory in which to store temporary data files created from decoding MP3 and Ogg Vorbis files. By default, "/tmp" is used.

--keep

Upon exit from cdrdao, do not delete temporary WAV files created from MP3 and Ogg Vorbis files.

--save

Saves some of the current options to the settings file "$HOME/.cdrdao" and exit. See section 'SETTINGS' for more details.

-n

Suppresses the 10 second pause before writing or simulating.

-v"verbose-level

Sets verbose level. Levels > 2 are debug levels which produce a lot of output.

The toc-file describes what data is written to the CD-R and allows control over track/index positions, pre-gaps and sub-channel information. It is a simple text file, use your favorite text editor to create it.

A toc-file contains an optional header and a sequence of track specifications. Comments starting with '//' reaching until end of line can be placed anywhere.

Header

Track Specification

CD-TEXT Blocks

{ 0, 10, 255, ... }

Examples

CD_DA
TRACK AUDIO
FILE "data.wav" 0

CD_DA
CD_TEXT {
  LANGUAGE_MAP {
    0 : EN
  }

CD_DA
TRACK AUDIO
FILE "data.cdr" 0 
START 0:10:0

CD_DA
TRACK AUDIO
FILE "pregapdata.wav" 0 
START
FILE "track.cdr" 1:0:0 1:0:0
SILENCE 0:2:0
FILE "track.cdr" 2:0:0
INDEX 2:0:0
INDEX 4:0:0

CD_ROM
TRACK MODE1
DATAFILE "data_1"
ZERO 00:02:00 // post-gap

Cue files may be used wherever a toc-file is expected. The corresponding bin file is not taken from the FILE statement of a cue file but constructed from the cue file name by replacing ".cue" by ".bin". The cue file must have exactly one FILE statement.

Currently, following track modes are supported: MODE1/2048, MODE1/2352, MODE2/2336, MODE2/2352. The CATALOG, ISRC and POSTGAP statements are parsed but not evaluated, yet.

Some of the command line options can be stored as settings at following locations. The files will be read on startup of cdrdao in that order:

1. /etc/cdrdao.conf

2. /etc/defaults/cdrdao

3. /etc/default/cdrdao

4. $HOME/.cdrdao

Command line options will overwrite the loaded settings. The settings file contains name - value pairs separated by a colon. String values must be enclosed by ". The file is automatically written if the command line option --save is used but it is also possible to modify it manually. Following values are defined:

write_device

Device used for operations simulate, write, copy, blank, disk-info and unlock. Corresponding option: --device

write_driver

Driver (including driver options) that is used for operations simulate, write, copy, blank, disk-info and unlock. Corresponding option: --driver

write_speed

Specifies writing speed. Corresponding option: --speed

write_buffers

Specifies fifo buffers used for recording. Corresponding option: --buffers

read_device

Device used for operations read-toc, read-cd and copy. Corresponding option: --device or --source-device

read_driver

Driver (including driver options) used for operations read-toc, read-cd and copy. Corresponding option: --driver or --source-driver

read_paranoia_mode

Paranoia mode used for operations read-cd and copy. Corresponding option: --paranoia-mode

cddb_server_list

CDDB server list for read-cddb. Corresponding option: --cddb-servers

cddb_timeout

CDDB connection timeout in seconds used by read-cddb. Corresponding option: --cddb-timeout

cddb_directory

Local directory where fetched CDDB records will be stored, used by read-cddb. Corresponding option: --cddb-directory

tmp_file_dir

Directory where temporay WAV files will be created from decoding MP3 and Ogg Vorbis files. Corresponding option: --tmpdir

If the program is terminated during the write/simulation process used IPC resources may not be released. Use ipcs(8) and ipcrm(8) to delete them.

Andreas Mueller mueller@daneb.ping.de [DEFUNCT] Denis Leroy <denis@poolshark.org> Manuel Clos <llanero@users.sourceforge.net>

gcdmaster(1), cdrecord(1), cdda2wav(1), cdparanoia(1), sox(1), ipcs(8), ipcrm(8)