DGEBRD - reduce a general real M-by-N matrix A to upper or lower bidiagonal form B by an orthogonal transformation

SUBROUTINE DGEBRD(

M, N, A, LDA, D, E, TAUQ, TAUP, WORK, LWORK, INFO )

INTEGER INFO, LDA, LWORK, M, N

DOUBLE PRECISION A( LDA, * ), D( * ), E( * ), TAUP( * ), TAUQ( * ), WORK( * )

DGEBRD reduces a general real M-by-N matrix A to upper or lower bidiagonal form B by an orthogonal transformation: Q**T * A * P = B. If m >= n, B is upper bidiagonal; if m < n, B is lower bidiagonal.

M (input) INTEGER

The number of rows in the matrix A. M >= 0.

N (input) INTEGER

The number of columns in the matrix A. N >= 0.

A (input/output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LDA,N)

On entry, the M-by-N general matrix to be reduced. On exit, if m >= n, the diagonal and the first superdiagonal are overwritten with the upper bidiagonal matrix B; the elements below the diagonal, with the array TAUQ, represent the orthogonal matrix Q as a product of elementary reflectors, and the elements above the first superdiagonal, with the array TAUP, represent the orthogonal matrix P as a product of elementary reflectors; if m < n, the diagonal and the first subdiagonal are overwritten with the lower bidiagonal matrix B; the elements below the first subdiagonal, with the array TAUQ, represent the orthogonal matrix Q as a product of elementary reflectors, and the elements above the diagonal, with the array TAUP, represent the orthogonal matrix P as a product of elementary reflectors. See Further Details. LDA (input) INTEGER The leading dimension of the array A. LDA >= max(1,M).

D (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (min(M,N))

The diagonal elements of the bidiagonal matrix B: D(i) = A(i,i).

E (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (min(M,N)-1)

The off-diagonal elements of the bidiagonal matrix B: if m >= n, E(i) = A(i,i+1) for i = 1,2,...,n-1; if m < n, E(i) = A(i+1,i) for i = 1,2,...,m-1.

TAUQ (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array dimension (min(M,N))

The scalar factors of the elementary reflectors which represent the orthogonal matrix Q. See Further Details. TAUP (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (min(M,N)) The scalar factors of the elementary reflectors which represent the orthogonal matrix P. See Further Details. WORK (workspace/output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (LWORK) On exit, if INFO = 0, WORK(1) returns the optimal LWORK.

LWORK (input) INTEGER

The length of the array WORK. LWORK >= max(1,M,N). For optimum performance LWORK >= (M+N)*NB, where NB is the optimal blocksize.

If LWORK = -1, then a workspace query is assumed; the routine only calculates the optimal size of the WORK array, returns this value as the first entry of the WORK array, and no error message related to LWORK is issued by XERBLA.

INFO (output) INTEGER

= 0: successful exit

< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value.

The matrices Q and P are represented as products of elementary reflectors:

If m >= n,

Q = H(1) H(2) . . . H(n) and P = G(1) G(2) . . . G(n-1)

Each H(i) and G(i) has the form:

H(i) = I - tauq * v * v' and G(i) = I - taup * u * u'

where tauq and taup are real scalars, and v and u are real vectors; v(1:i-1) = 0, v(i) = 1, and v(i+1:m) is stored on exit in A(i+1:m,i); u(1:i) = 0, u(i+1) = 1, and u(i+2:n) is stored on exit in A(i,i+2:n); tauq is stored in TAUQ(i) and taup in TAUP(i).

If m < n,

Q = H(1) H(2) . . . H(m-1) and P = G(1) G(2) . . . G(m)

Each H(i) and G(i) has the form:

H(i) = I - tauq * v * v' and G(i) = I - taup * u * u'

where tauq and taup are real scalars, and v and u are real vectors; v(1:i) = 0, v(i+1) = 1, and v(i+2:m) is stored on exit in A(i+2:m,i); u(1:i-1) = 0, u(i) = 1, and u(i+1:n) is stored on exit in A(i,i+1:n); tauq is stored in TAUQ(i) and taup in TAUP(i).

The contents of A on exit are illustrated by the following examples:

m = 6 and n = 5 (m > n): m = 5 and n = 6 (m < n):

( d e u1 u1 u1 ) ( d u1 u1 u1 u1 u1 ) ( v1 d e u2 u2 ) ( e d u2 u2 u2 u2 ) ( v1 v2 d e u3 ) ( v1 e d u3 u3 u3 ) ( v1 v2 v3 d e ) ( v1 v2 e d u4 u4 ) ( v1 v2 v3 v4 d ) ( v1 v2 v3 e d u5 ) ( v1 v2 v3 v4 v5 )

where d and e denote diagonal and off-diagonal elements of B, vi denotes an element of the vector defining H(i), and ui an element of the vector defining G(i).