ZGTSVX - use the LU factorization to compute the solution to a complex system of linear equations A * X = B, A**T * X = B, or A**H * X = B,

SUBROUTINE ZGTSVX(

FACT, TRANS, N, NRHS, DL, D, DU, DLF, DF, DUF, DU2, IPIV, B, LDB, X, LDX, RCOND, FERR, BERR, WORK, RWORK, INFO )

CHARACTER FACT, TRANS

INTEGER INFO, LDB, LDX, N, NRHS

DOUBLE PRECISION RCOND

INTEGER IPIV( * )

DOUBLE PRECISION BERR( * ), FERR( * ), RWORK( * )

COMPLEX*16 B( LDB, * ), D( * ), DF( * ), DL( * ), DLF( * ), DU( * ), DU2( * ), DUF( * ), WORK( * ), X( LDX, * )

ZGTSVX uses the LU factorization to compute the solution to a complex system of linear equations A * X = B, A**T * X = B, or A**H * X = B, where A is a tridiagonal matrix of order N and X and B are N-by-NRHS matrices.

Error bounds on the solution and a condition estimate are also provided.

The following steps are performed:

1. If FACT = 'N', the LU decomposition is used to factor the matrix A as A = L * U, where L is a product of permutation and unit lower bidiagonal matrices and U is upper triangular with nonzeros in only the main diagonal and first two superdiagonals.

2. If some U(i,i)=0, so that U is exactly singular, then the routine returns with INFO = i. Otherwise, the factored form of A is used to estimate the condition number of the matrix A. If the reciprocal of the condition number is less than machine precision, INFO = N+1 is returned as a warning, but the routine still goes on to solve for X and compute error bounds as described below.

3. The system of equations is solved for X using the factored form of A.

4. Iterative refinement is applied to improve the computed solution matrix and calculate error bounds and backward error estimates for it.

FACT (input) CHARACTER*1

Specifies whether or not the factored form of A has been supplied on entry. = 'F': DLF, DF, DUF, DU2, and IPIV contain the factored form of A; DL, D, DU, DLF, DF, DUF, DU2 and IPIV will not be modified. = 'N': The matrix will be copied to DLF, DF, and DUF and factored.

TRANS (input) CHARACTER*1

Specifies the form of the system of equations:

= 'N': A * X = B (No transpose)

= 'T': A**T * X = B (Transpose)

= 'C': A**H * X = B (Conjugate transpose)

N (input) INTEGER

The order of the matrix A. N >= 0.

NRHS (input) INTEGER

The number of right hand sides, i.e., the number of columns of the matrix B. NRHS >= 0.

DL (input) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N-1)

The (n-1) subdiagonal elements of A.

D (input) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N)

The n diagonal elements of A.

DU (input) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N-1)

The (n-1) superdiagonal elements of A.

DLF (input or output) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N-1)

If FACT = 'F', then DLF is an input argument and on entry contains the (n-1) multipliers that define the matrix L from the LU factorization of A as computed by ZGTTRF.

If FACT = 'N', then DLF is an output argument and on exit contains the (n-1) multipliers that define the matrix L from the LU factorization of A.

DF (input or output) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N)

If FACT = 'F', then DF is an input argument and on entry contains the n diagonal elements of the upper triangular matrix U from the LU factorization of A.

If FACT = 'N', then DF is an output argument and on exit contains the n diagonal elements of the upper triangular matrix U from the LU factorization of A.

DUF (input or output) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N-1)

If FACT = 'F', then DUF is an input argument and on entry contains the (n-1) elements of the first superdiagonal of U.

If FACT = 'N', then DUF is an output argument and on exit contains the (n-1) elements of the first superdiagonal of U.

DU2 (input or output) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (N-2)

If FACT = 'F', then DU2 is an input argument and on entry contains the (n-2) elements of the second superdiagonal of U.

If FACT = 'N', then DU2 is an output argument and on exit contains the (n-2) elements of the second superdiagonal of U.

IPIV (input or output) INTEGER array, dimension (N)

If FACT = 'F', then IPIV is an input argument and on entry contains the pivot indices from the LU factorization of A as computed by ZGTTRF.

If FACT = 'N', then IPIV is an output argument and on exit contains the pivot indices from the LU factorization of A; row i of the matrix was interchanged with row IPIV(i). IPIV(i) will always be either i or i+1; IPIV(i) = i indicates a row interchange was not required.

B (input) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (LDB,NRHS)

The N-by-NRHS right hand side matrix B.

LDB (input) INTEGER

The leading dimension of the array B. LDB >= max(1,N).

X (output) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (LDX,NRHS)

If INFO = 0 or INFO = N+1, the N-by-NRHS solution matrix X.

LDX (input) INTEGER

The leading dimension of the array X. LDX >= max(1,N).

RCOND (output) DOUBLE PRECISION

The estimate of the reciprocal condition number of the matrix A. If RCOND is less than the machine precision (in particular, if RCOND = 0), the matrix is singular to working precision. This condition is indicated by a return code of INFO > 0.

FERR (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS)

The estimated forward error bound for each solution vector X(j) (the j-th column of the solution matrix X). If XTRUE is the true solution corresponding to X(j), FERR(j) is an estimated upper bound for the magnitude of the largest element in (X(j) - XTRUE) divided by the magnitude of the largest element in X(j). The estimate is as reliable as the estimate for RCOND, and is almost always a slight overestimate of the true error.

BERR (output) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (NRHS)

The componentwise relative backward error of each solution vector X(j) (i.e., the smallest relative change in any element of A or B that makes X(j) an exact solution).

WORK (workspace) COMPLEX*16 array, dimension (2*N)

RWORK (workspace) DOUBLE PRECISION array, dimension (N)

INFO (output) INTEGER

= 0: successful exit

< 0: if INFO = -i, the i-th argument had an illegal value

> 0: if INFO = i, and i is

<= N: U(i,i) is exactly zero. The factorization has not been completed unless i = N, but the factor U is exactly singular, so the solution and error bounds could not be computed. RCOND = 0 is returned. = N+1: U is nonsingular, but RCOND is less than machine precision, meaning that the matrix is singular to working precision. Nevertheless, the solution and error bounds are computed because there are a number of situations where the computed solution can be more accurate than the value of RCOND would suggest.